A switching dc-dc converter converts an input voltage to an output of a different magnitude and/or polarity with high efficiency. Typically, such a converter must be regulated; that is, able to ...

The optoelectronic logic element AND, OR and XOR is considered, the output signal of which can be inverted when the input control signal is applied, thereby converting the logic element into NAND, NOR ...

Now, the thing to remember is that we are using a CD4512 chip, whose truth table is shown below. The important thing to note here is that, in addition to the three multiplexer select controls, A, B, ...