Any vector can be expressed as a sum of a number of other vectors. The vectors which are summed are called the components of the original vector. When you want to add and subtract two dimensional ...

The use of engineered viruses to deliver transgenes for therapeutic effect is wide-ranging. Contemporary gene therapy vectors based on RNA viruses such as γ-Retroviruses and Lentiviruses 1,2, and DNA ...

Cis-elements within retroviral expression constructs increase vector titer and/or gene transfer efficiency. Several approaches for expressing multiple genes in a single vector are available. The ...

Subtracting a vector is the same as adding a negative version of the vector (remember that making a vector negative means reversing its direction). \(\left( \begin{array}{l} a\\ b \end{array} \right) ...