In degenerative disc disease (DDD), the discs that separate your spine's bones, or vertebrae, start to breakdown, or degenerate. The discs provide cushion between the vertebrae, absorb shock, and ...
The hierarchical structure of the intervertebral disc (approximately 45–55 mm diameter in the human lumbar spine and 2.5–5 mm in the rat coccygeal spine) is composed of the outer fiber-reinforced ...