
Halitosis - Symptoms, diagnosis and treatment | BMJ Best Practice
Apr 26, 2022 · Halitosis is a general term used to describe any disagreeable odour of expired air from the mouth. [1] [2] Mild transient halitosis is usually caused by release of volatile odorous compounds …
Halitosis - Symptoms, diagnosis and treatment | BMJ Best Practice US
Apr 26, 2022 · Halitosis is a general term used to describe any disagreeable odor of expired air from the mouth. [1] [2] Mild transient halitosis is usually caused by release of volatile odorous compounds …
Halitose - Sintomas, diagnóstico e tratamento | BMJ Best Practice
Dec 4, 2025 · Halitose é um termo genérico usado para descrever qualquer odor desagradável no ar expirado pela boca. [1] [2] A halitose transitória leve geralmente é causada pela liberação de …
Symptoms, diagnosis and treatment - BMJ Best Practice
Apr 30, 2024 · Other diagnostic factors halitosis redness, swelling, and puffy gingiva pseudomembrane formation cervical lymphadenopathy fever malaise pain
Fissured, hairy, and geographic tongue - BMJ Best Practice
Jun 15, 2023 · Full details Other diagnostic factors halitosis (hairy tongue and fissured tongue) bad taste in mouth (hairy tongue) discolouration (hairy tongue and fissured tongue) burning sensation …
Symptoms, diagnosis and treatment - BMJ Best Practice
Jul 19, 2022 · Sialadenitis denotes inflammation and swelling of the parotid, submandibular, sublingual, or minor salivary glands. Aetiology includes bacterial or viral infection, obstruction, radiotherapy …
Symptoms, diagnosis and treatment - BMJ Best Practice
Oct 1, 2025 · Achalasia is an esophageal motor disorder of unknown etiology, characterized by esophageal aperistalsis and insufficient lower esophageal sphincter relaxation in response to …
Sep 27, 2021 · Doctors call this pseudo-halitosis. Other things that can sometimes cause bad breath include diseases that affect the lungs or digestive system, such as infections. So if you have bad …
Evaluation of chronic cough - Differentials | BMJ Best Practice US
Upper airway cough syndrome (UACS; postnasal drip) History frequent throat clearing, postnasal drip, nasal discharge, nasal obstruction or sneezing typical, halitosis
Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease - BMJ Best Practice
Dec 19, 2025 · Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) is a clinical diagnosis. The classic symptoms are heartburn and regurgitation. A therapeutic trial of a proton-pump inhibitor (PPI) can …